Fig. 3
From: Cancer stem cells and their niche in cancer progression and therapy
Components of the CSC niche led to cancer recurrence and metastasis by promoting CSC properties. The properties of CSCs in tumours are regulated by components of the CSC niche, including hypoxic regions, inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, the perivascular compartment, and the ECM. Factors of the CSC niche regulate CSC properties by modifying signalling pathways and ultimately lead to cancer recurrence and metastasis